| Armada | R Documentation |
The Spanish Armada (Spanish: Grande y Felicisima Armada, literally "Great and Most Fortunate Navy") was a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from La Coruna in August 1588. During its preparation, several accounts of its formidable strength were circulated to reassure allied powers of Spain or to intimidate its enemies. One such account was given by Paz Salas et Alvarez (1588). The intent was bring the forces of Spain to invade England, overthrow Queen Elizabeth I, and re-establish Spanish control of the Netherlands. However the Armada was not as fortunate as hoped: it was all destroyed in one week's fighting.
de Falguerolles (2008) reports the table given here as Armada
as an early example of data to which multivariate methods might be applied.
data("Armada")
A data frame with 10 observations on the following 11 variables.
Armadadesignation of the fleet, a factor with levels Andalucia Castilla Galeras Guipuscua Napoles Pataches Portugal Uantiscas Vizca Vrcas
shipsnumber of ships, a numeric vector
tonstotal tons, a numeric vector
soldiersnumber of soldiers, a numeric vector
sailorsnumber of sailors, a numeric vector
mentotal of soldiers plus sailors, a numeric vector
artillerya numeric vector
ballsa numeric vector
gunpowdera numeric vector
leada numeric vector
ropea numeric vector
Note that men = soldiers + sailors
de Falguerolles, A. (2008) L'analyse des donnees; before and around. Journal Electronique d'Histoire des Probabilites et de la Statistique, 4 (2), www.jehps.net/Decembre2008/Falguerolles.pdf
Pedro de Paz Salas and Antonio Alvares. La felicissima armada que elrey Don Felipe nuestro Senor mando juntar enel puerto de la ciudad de Lisboa enel Reyno de Portugal. Lisbon, 1588.
data(Armada) # delete character and redundant variable armada <- Armada[,-c(1,6)] armada.pca <- prcomp(armada, scale.=TRUE) summary(armada.pca) plot(armada.pca, type="lines", pch=16, cex=2) biplot(armada.pca)